Development and Influence of Marxism

Li Changjiu

In 1848, the Manifesto of the Communist Party, written by Marx and Engels, was published in London. Marxist theory is like a magnificent sunrise, illuminating the way for human beings to explore the laws of history and seek their own liberation. Over the past 170 years, Marxism has been widely spread in the world. In the history of human thought, no ideological theory has had such an extensive and profound influence on mankind as Marxism. Marxism has not only profoundly changed the world, but also profoundly changed China.

On May 4, 2018, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, pointed out in his speech at the meeting commemorating the 200th anniversary of Marx's birth that Marx created historical materialism and the theory of surplus value, which revealed the general law of the development of human society, and the special law of the operation of capitalism, pointing out the way for mankind to leap from the realm of necessity to the kingdom of freedom, and the way to realize the liberation for the people.

Based on scientific theory, Marxism pointed out the direction for the ultimate establishment of an ideal society without oppression and exploitation.

Economic Financialization Aggravates Capitalist Crisis

The Strength of Socialism in the World is Growing

Xi Jinping's Thought of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era

Standing on a vast expanse of land of more than 960 square kilometers, absorbing the cultural nutrients accumulated by the long struggle of the Chinese nation for more than five thousand years, and with the majestic strength of more than 1.3 billion Chinese people, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core, and under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, we are determined to forge ahead and work hard. We will certainly be able to achieve the two centenary goals, complete the reunification of the motherland, realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and make greater contributions to safeguarding world peace and promoting common development and prosperity.

Eastern Aspirations Enriched with World Vision and Chinese Wisdom

Wang Linggui

From April 8 to 11, 2018, the 2018 annual meeting of the Boao Forum for Asia, themed by "An Open and Innovative Asia for a World of Greater Prosperity" was held in Boao, Hainan. Austrian President Vanderbelen, Philippine President Duterte, Mongolian Prime Minister Hu Zilesuhe, UN Secretary General Guterres, IMF Managing Director Lagarde and others will attend the annual meeting. More than 2000 guests from all walks of life and more than 50 countries attended the meeting. Participants held in-depth discussions and exchanges on issues of common concern, and put forward suggestions for building Asian consensus, promoting further deepening of Asian cooperation, and benefiting global prosperity and development.

President Xi's keynote speech reassured the world, set the tone for the world economy, and would open up a new journey for globalization in a new era. China's development achievements in the past 40 years are of great significance to all countries in the world. The experience and wisdom accumulated during the period are not only the precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese people, but also the beneficial inspiration for the people of the world. For the developing world, the "Belt and Road" Initiative is the best embodiment of the above commitment, which would enable us to achieve the 2030 sustainable development agenda with no one being left behind. In turn, the "Belt and Road" Initiative, as a good example of South-South cooperation, has solved the development problems in many isolated economies.

A year's plan starts with spring. President Xi's keynote speech in Boao will be the starting point for China's new long march of opening up and innovation, and it will also be a blessing related to the future of the world economy and the well-being of the people of all countries in the world.

Belt and Road Initiative & SCO: Proceeding among Mutuality and Integration

Wang Yuxuan

The annual summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) will be held in Qingdao, Shandong Province.

During the past 17 years, SCO has become more and more mature, with the capacity of its members, issues and mechanisms been expanded, and the consensus of cooperation, economic integration and international impact been enhanced.

SCO will undoubtedly be a great help to the "Belt and Road" Initiative, which will turn five years old, and the continuous achievements of the "Belt and Road" Initiative will make up for the economic shortcomings of SCO.

Security and Economy: Moving Forward in Mutual Benefit

Hard Mechanism and Soft Architecture: Moving Forward in Interaction

Old and New Members: Moving Forward in Tolerance and Integration

It can be predicted that with the continuous progress of "Belt and Road" Initiative, SCO members will move towards a community of interests, security and shared future.

A new situation of sustainable security, stability and prosperity will be presented to the world.

New Age of Globalization Calls for Restart of Sino-Japan Relations

Liu Junhong

Premier Li Keqiang announced that Sino-Japanese relations had "set sail", "stepped up to a new level", and sailed to a new era of all-round cooperation, during his visit to Japan from 8 to 11 May. This time, China and Japan reached a consensus on "establishing a long-term, stable and healthy mutually beneficial relationship" and made a cooperative posture based on history as a mirror. Just as the schedule of Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Japan and the blueprint for cooperation between China and Japan, the newly sailing Sino-Japanese relations reflect the characteristics of the times of the world economy.

Promoting the Upgrading of Sino-Japanese Economic and Trade Relations

Opening up a New Road of Active Opening up of Sino-Japanese Financial Cooperation

Creating a New Situation of Regional Cooperation in Northeast Asia

We Will Actively Build a Stable Surrounding Environment

The world is changing, and development is still the common aspiration and task of Asia. Peaceful, stable and friendly close neighbor relations, as well as solid peripheral diplomacy, are strong guarantees for promoting regional mutual benefit and win-win cooperation and development. To this end, the three sides issued a statement to promote regional peace and jointly deal with threats.

At the same time, the leaders of China and Japan have also signed memorandums, including launching the sea and air liaison mechanism, strengthening cooperation in third-party infrastructure construction, and even trade in services, and made new attempts in the direction of comprehensive, pragmatic and open cooperation. The path and method of cooperation between China and Japan as well as China, Japan and South Korea in promoting regional infrastructure will become a new model of regional comprehensive development and security.

Sino-Russia Cooperation and Belt and Road Construction

Chen Yu

China and Russia are important big countries along the "Belt and Road", and Sino-Russian cooperation is of great significance in promoting the construction of "Belt and Road" and ensuring security along the route.

In recent years, the comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership between China and Russia has continued to develop in depth, becoming a model of harmonious coexistence and common development among big countries, and has laid a good foundation for the joint construction of "Belt and Road" between China and Russia.

China and Russia should make joint efforts to communicate policy propositions, docking development strategies, resolving potential differences, and working together to promote the construction of "Belt and Road". It has become a model for cooperation between countries along the "Belt and Road" and the cornerstone of relations between major countries.

In recent years, Sino-Russian relations have developed rapidly and cooperation in various fields has yielded fruitful results. President Xi Jinping's initiative to jointly build "Belt and Road" has brought new opportunities for China and Russia to strengthen bilateral and multilateral cooperation.

In 2015, China and Russia signed a joint statement on docking and cooperation between the Silk Road Economic Belt and the Eurasian Economic Union, indicating that China and Russia have made the joint construction of "Belt and Road Initiative" the focus of bilateral relations. Sino-Russian cooperation will effectively promote the construction of "Belt and Road Initiative" and become the cornerstone of the relations between countries along the "Belt and Road".

Sino-Russian Cooperation is an important guarantee for the smooth progress of "Belt and Road" Construction.

Good bilateral Relations are the solid Foundation for the Joint Construction of "Belt and Road Initiative" between China and Russia.

China and Russia should make concerted efforts to create a better tomorrow of "Belt and Road".

Sino-US Relationship under World-wide Observation

Ding Yuanhong

Since President Trump released his first National Security Strategy report ignored the facts and openly characterized China and Russia as "strategic competitors" of the United States, blatantly accusing China and Russia of challenging the interests and influence of the United States, weakening the security and prosperity of the United States, undermining the international order and world stability, and so on. After that, the US side adopted a series of acts that damaged Sino-US relations. In the name of so-called "free navigation", the United States has repeatedly sent warships into the South China Sea to sail close to China's sovereign islands, deliberately challenging and endangering China's territorial sovereignty. In the name of insisting on the so-called "Taiwan Relations Act" which is illegal, the US executive authorities, at the instigation of Congress, continue to sell arms to Taiwan and strengthen military exchanges; what is more, the President of the United States openly approved the so-called "Taiwan Travel Law" put forward by Congress in violation of the "One China" principle in a vain attempt to conduct illegal official exchanges between the United States and Taiwan. Recently, in the name of safeguarding its own interests, the United States has taken various measures to undermine the normal economic and trade exchanges with China, and even threatened to provoke a trade war to exert pressure on Chinese, which has damaged Sino-US relations. This can only attract the attention and vigilance of the world.

It is not surprising that President Trump, who pursues a "US first" policy, had made it clear in his National Security Strategy Report that China is a "competitor" that the United States must do its utmost to deal with. Actually after the United States won the Cold War against the Soviet Union and became the only superpower in the world, all of the former US presidents have never regarded China as a "partner"; instead, they have always regarded China as an opponent who will pose a threat and challenge to the United States' leadership in the world.

As for Sino-US relations, we will, as always, make efforts to promote them on the basis of the three Sino-US joint communiques. We don't make trouble, but we're not afraid of it. We have the confidence and ability to meet any challenge.

A Strategic Review about US Economic and Trade Relation with China

Yu Sui

China and the United States have established diplomatic relations nearly 40 years ago. Although there are twists and turns, they have been moving forward. Now that the two economies are tied together, the convergence of their interests is deep, and any rash move will hurt both. Recently, the Trump administration announced that it would start a trade war. It issued a "Taiwan Tourism Law", and later caused an accident in the South China Sea, causing so-called free navigation, putting pressure on China in a variety of ways. Common sense tells people that there are no winners in a trade war, that the South China Sea is no longer a territory arbitrarily dominated by the United States, and that the "Taiwan Tourism Law" seriously violates the "One China" principle and the provisions of the three Sino-US joint communiques, and a trade war will only set the United States on fire.

The arrival of real estate tycoon, billionaire and media giant Donald Trump is the product of a distorted new American era. He is the newly elected president of the United States, who boasts to make America great again. After all, Sino-US relations continue to develop in the midst of twists and turns.

Sino-US relations and Russian-US relations are often intertwined, Sino-US relations do not depend on Russian-US relations, but the practice of the United States often affects the trend of Sino-Russian relations. Nowadays, there are subjective needs and objective prerequisites for cooperation between Russia, China and the United States. If the US authorities still see Russia and China as attacking opponents rather than partners, then "hitting people with two fists" will only make America's own situation more passive. Therefore, the United States' simultaneous crackdown on China and Russia is tantamount to a catalyst that makes Sino-Russian relations closer and closer.

Characters and Implications of Trump's New Tax Reform Policies

Zhang Zheren/ Jin Ruiting/ Yuan Qian

At the end of 2017, Trump signed a "tax and jobs" bill known as the most comprehensive and profound tax reform in the United States after the war. Trump's new tax reform is intended to attract the return of capital and stimulate US investment, employment and economic growth, which will have a complex and profound "spillover" effect on the global and Chinese economy.

Trump's new tax reform policy has the characteristics of "combination fist", and the tax system reform is more profound than the tax rate adjustment.

Trump's new tax reform policy is characterized by a combination of "reduction, reform and increase". The main purpose of the tax rate reduction is to stimulate domestic demand in the United States, supplemented by tax reform and tax increases. It is intended to enhance the motivation of US companies to repatriate overseas profits, prevent the financial transactions of their subsidiaries from eroding the tax base and enhance the competitiveness of high-tech companies.

The impact of Trump's tax reform on the global economy is complex.

The new tax reform policy will have a complex impact on the global and Chinese economy. On the one hand, the expansionary effect of tax reform helps to stimulate the expansion of consumer investment in the United States and boost global economic growth, which is conducive to the stable growth of China's foreign demand and exports. But on the other hand, it will cause competition in fiscal and taxation policies, increase the pressure of international capital outflow, intensify the "intensity" of trade protectionism policies, and affect the stable operation of the global and Chinese economy.

Effective response to Trump's New tax Reform Policy.

Strategically, it is necessary to maintain self-confidence and determination, speed up the construction of a modern economic system in accordance with the requirements of high-quality development, and constantly release the inherent vitality and driving force of economic development. Tactically, we should attach great importance to preventing problems, "focus on the worst, make the best preparations," speed up the implementation of the established reform and opening up measures, and guide the formation of our favorable situation.

Thinkings behind US Withdrawing from Iran Nuclear Treaty and Its Implications

Ding Yuanhong

Under the close attention of the whole world, on May 8, US President Trump formally announced that the United States would withdraw from the Iran nuclear agreement despite the repeated persuasion of the three European allies of France, Germany, and Britain, and Iran's claim that it would respond forcefully. The incident triggered a global shock, and its follow-up effects are gradually emerging.

First, when President Obama pushed for an Iran nuclear deal in 2015, it caused a lot of controversy at home and abroad. Not only are Israel, Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Middle East firmly opposed, but also Republican members of the US Congress have criticized Obama for advocating reconciliation with Iran, an old enemy of the United States, and signing an Iran nuclear agreement, which is considered more from the perspective of personal "presidential legacy." It is contrary to the "national interest" of the United States. Kissinger and many other celebrities have repeatedly criticized the Iran nuclear agreement as only a "temporary freeze" of Iran's nuclear capabilities, "tantamount to encouraging other countries in the Middle East to also proceed with nuclear development." President Trump made it clear before he took office that the Iran nuclear deal was "the worst deal and we [the United States] got nothing." The current Republican majority in both houses of Congress is very different from what happened when the Iran nuclear deal was signed, something that had to be done sooner or later when trying to overturn the deal.

Second, negotiations on the Iranian nuclear issue have lasted for many years and have been unable to reach an agreement. The key is that the United States is not really concerned about the danger of nuclear proliferation, but uses it as an excuse to achieve multiple political purposes. That is, to put pressure on Iran, the old enemy, to contain the European allies who want to carry out economic and trade exchanges with Iran, and to alienate the relations between Iran and Russia, so as to strengthen the alliance between Israel, Saudi Arabia, and other countries and the United States. To maintain the dominant position of the United States in the Middle East, which has been weakened by the launching of the Iraq war and the rise of terrorist forces. Obama's push for an Iran nuclear deal has seriously thwarted the strategy pursued by the United States. As a result of this agreement, Iran has been given a great opportunity to save its domestic economic decline and expand international exchanges as a result of getting rid of sanctions, and the European allies of the United States have taken the lead in entering the Iranian market with great potential, thus enhancing Europe's influence in the Middle East. Russia has taken the opportunity to strengthen its voice in Middle East affairs; Israel, America's staunch ally in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia and other countries began to distance themselves from the United States because of the Iran nuclear deal. All this has led Mr Trump, who advocates a "US first" policy, to assume that the Iran nuclear deal is "the worst deal and the US gets nothing" and promised to correct it when he is elected.

To sum up, the impact of Trump's announcement of withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal is mainly due to renewed tensions in US-Iran relations, deepening cracks in US-European alliance relations, a new focus of US-Russian wrangling, and a more complicated chaos in the Middle East.

China's Participation into Djibouti's Port Infrastructure Building with One Belt

One Road Proceeding

Sun Degang/ Bai Xinyi

Djibouti is located in the "Horn of Africa", located on the west bank of the Gulf of Aden, with the Red Sea entering and leaving the Indian Ocean, the Strait of Mande, bordering Somalia in the southeast, Eritrea in the north, Ethiopia in the southwest and Ethiopia, which lacks access to the sea. With a land area of only 23200 square kilometers, a population of 846687 (2016) and a shortage of resources, 80 per cent of the population lives in the capital and is a small African country worthy of its name. However, the country has a special geographical position, holds the Mediterranean-Red Sea-Indian Ocean main road, radiates East Africa and the Middle East, is the throat of the Suez Canal and the hub connecting the three continents of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and its strategic location is extremely important. It is known as the Sentinel on the Oil Passage, and the United States, France, Japan, Italy and other countries have set up military bases here.

For a long time, Djibouti's special geographical advantages have created the important significance of the port in its domestic and international economic development and the international strategic layout of the great powers. With the advance of the "Belt and Road Initiative" initiative, Djibouti, as an important node country along the Silk Road, the construction of ports, railways, roads and related industries is an important starting point for China's participation in Djibouti's infrastructure construction and the promotion of infrastructure connectivity between China and Africa. At the end of 2015, China's first overseas logistics support base was officially opened in Djibouti; in July 2017, the establishment of the Chinese people's Liberation Army support base in Kyrgyzstan and the launching of troops were held in Zhanjiang. It indicates that China's security base in Djibouti is officially put into use.

With the promotion of the "Belt and Road Initiative" initiative, Djibouti has become an important node country along the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", and it is also an important area for China to carry out port diplomacy to the Maritime Silk Road countries in the new period. Djibouti's unique geographical location and power balance strategy make it expected to become the "Singapore" of the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea region. In line with the concept of "giving priority to people's livelihood" and "putting development first", the governments of China and Djibouti have reached an important consensus on infrastructure construction. China is actively participating in the construction of its ports, railways, roads and related infrastructure, and has achieved fruitful results in stages. In the future, China will rationally assess and steadily promote port construction projects in Djibouti, and continue to participate in the construction of Djibouti ports and related infrastructure. The Port of Djibouti has become a "Dubai of East Africa" and has become a trade hub and strategic bridgehead in the strategic cooperative relations between China and Africa, China and Arab countries, and between China and Mediterranean countries.

I. Port of Djibouti in the Context of Economic Connectivity

II. The Role of Ports in Djibouti's Economic Development Strategy

III. China's Participation in the Construction of Djibouti Ports and Related Industries

IV. Advantages and Challenges of China's Participation in Djibouti Port Construction

V. Conclusion

On October 18, 2017, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, pointed out in his speech at the opening ceremony of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that China will "adhere to the path of peaceful development and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind." Although there are great differences between China and Djibouti in terms of economic output, political system, development path and ideology, the two countries are both developing countries and are faced with the arduous task of reform, development and stability.

Basic Characters and Trends of Cross-Straits Relations Development

Sun Lan/ Wang Jianmin

1. "Taiwan independence" and "anti-Taiwan independence" are a long-term and structural problem in the development of cross-strait relations before cross-strait reunification

The core of the development of cross-strait relations is not the issue of peaceful and stable development, but the issues of "Taiwan independence" and "anti-Taiwan independence", promoting national reunification, "and" resisting national reunification". This issue is the principal axis of the development of cross-strait relations in the past 40 years, and it is also the core of the future development of cross-strait relations, and there will be no fundamental change before the peaceful reunification of the country.

2. "Distinction between government and people", "separation of government and economy" and "folk subject" have become the basic characteristics of the development of cross-strait relations at the present stage.

Under the dual political structure of blue and green on the island, the political propositions of the two major blue and green parties are very different from those of cross-strait relations, which determines that the development of cross-strait relations shows significantly different characteristics and trends in different periods.

3. The "integration development" advocated by the mainland and the "resistance to integration development" by the Tsai ing-wen authorities have formed new contradictions, new collisions, and new contests in the development of cross-strait relations.

Under the overall thinking of continuously promoting and safeguarding the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and the pursuit of peaceful reunification, the mainland has actively advocated and promoted the "integrated development" of the two sides of the strait in recent years. The concept of "double integration" of "peace" and "integration" has become two important flags for the mainland to promote the development of cross-strait relations.

4. The struggle and contest between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait in the international community is more intense and lasting.

The status and status of Taiwan's participation in the international community is directly related to the international community's respect for and adherence to the one-China principle. After taking office, Tsai ing-wen refused to recognize the "1992 consensus," the most basic political mutual trust between the two sides of the strait, continued to vigorously promote the "Taiwan independence" separatist line, and attempted to break through the one-China framework in the international community. The creation of "two Chinas" or "Taiwan state subject" incidents from time to time will inevitably be resolutely opposed and curbed by the mainland side, so as to safeguard the consensus of the international community on the one-China framework. As a result, the struggle and contest between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait in the international community is more intense, sharper, and more complex.